This review analyzed dozens of studies on propolis (a waxy substance bees make) and found it has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that show promise against certain cancers—specifically oral, gastrointestinal, skin, breast, and prostate cancers. However, the evidence is strongest for these five cancer types; claims about propolis fighting 12+ other cancers need more rigorous testing. The researchers emphasize that propolis isn't ready to replace standard cancer treatment, but might work as a complementary tool alongside it.

This was a mini-review that surveyed existing published research on propolis and cancer rather than conducting new experiments. The authors synthesized findings from multiple studies to identify which cancer types had the most solid evidence.

Funding not disclosed in abstract